What are the top five things that make people happy? Power and influence? Money and fame? Or good looks and sporting ability?

Last month, the World Happiness Report 2024 was released. It shows several countries in Eastern Europe rising up the ranks, thanks to the growing happiness of people under 30.

Studies of these countries - Romania, Lithuania and the Czech Republic - found several things in common. The people have new educational and economic opportunities thanks to European integration. They also have access to nature, a good work-life balance, and plenty of time to spend with friends and family.

This supports the five keys of happiness set out by the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung.

First, good mental and physical health. Second, strong relationships with family and friends. Third, the ability to see beauty in art and nature. Fourth, a decent standard of living and meaningful work. Fifth, a religious or philosophical worldview that helps when times are tough.

These days, lots of research suggests Jung was right. For example, having good relationships with friends and partners is just as important for wellbeing as exercise, healthy eating, and not smoking.

Some people though think Jung's list was missing a few important items. For example, the happiest countries have high amounts of trust - between different groups of people - as well as good public services and low levels of inequalityWhen money and opportunities are not shared equally between different groups in society..

Searching for happiness rarely works. Instead, we should aim for "happierness," the feeling that comes from constantly making small improvements in our lives. Happiness should be a direction, rather than a destination. Even if total happiness is impossible, "happierness" is something we can all achieve.

Do these goals still work today?

Yes! Modern research on how to be happy has shown that Carl Jung was right. We all need to focus on health, social connections and time spent in nature.

No! The happiest countries in the world have strong societies with good public services and high levels of trust. If we want to be happier, we must make society more equal.