It was a jarring moment. Luis Rubiales, president of the Spanish Football Association (RFEF), pulls in top Spanish scorer Jenni Hermoso with both arms. Then he grips both sides of her head, brings her in for a kiss, and finally lets go. She walks away as quickly as she can.

There followed an international outcry. Hermoso denounced Rubiales and the RFEF on an Instagram livestream. Rubiales was expected to resign, but he refused.

Then 79 players, including the entire squad that won the World Cup, pledged to boycottTo withdraw relations from an organisation as a punishment or protest. The word comes from the surname of a Victorian Irish landlord who was subject to a boycott from poor farmers who demanded rent reduction. the national team. The RFEF doubled down in defence of Rubiales, threatening to sue them.

It took a decision by FIFAThe Federation Internationale de Football Association is the world's highest governing body of association football. to suspend Rubiales over the weekend to force their hand. Now, the Spanish Football Federation's regional leaders have called on him to resign too, whilst Spain's prosecutors are even looking into whether the incident counts as a crime of sexual assault.

For most observers, this battle is part of a much bigger war between two Spains: one old and patriarchalA society in which adult men have a monopoly on power. In these societies, men tend to hold all political positions, and women and children are also expected to obey the men in their families., the other modern and feministSomeone who calls for women's rights and equality of the sexes. .

The same fight is taking place in the streets of Spain. In 2018, 5.3 million workers joined a "feminist strike" to protest against discrimination, domestic violence and unequal pay.¹

That is why some are hoping that the Rubiales episode will be a final reckoning for machismo: a Spanish word referring to a culture of exaggerated masculine pride.

It dictates that men are supposed to provide for and protect their families. Women are not supposed to work and earn for themselves, and they should defer to men, even in the face of abuse and violence.

But others fear machismo is only on the back foot. This year is already seeing a backlash against feminist gains.

Last month, the right-wing People's Party, which has become much more conservative in recent years, won national elections. It is likely to forge an alliance with far-right Vox, which wants new laws restricting women's rights.

Yes: Machismo can only survive for as long as women accept it, or are too afraid to speak up. But they have shown they will not be silent. When people refuse to respect it, machismo cannot last long.

No: Despite international pressure, the Spanish FA has stuck up for abusive men. Clearly, men are not yet ready to give up their power. Now they are turning to politics to shore up their position.

Or... The successes of the feminist movement are likely to ebb and flow. But in the long term, if men have to impose machismo by force instead of consent, it is doomed to fail.